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Robert Carlton Breer (September 30, 1926 – August 11, 2011) was an experimental filmmaker, painter, and sculptor.〔William Grimes, "Robert Breer, Pioneer of Avant-Garde Animation, Dies at 84", ''The New York Times'', August 17, 2011, ().〕 "A founding member of the American avant-garde,"〔(Harvard Film Archive )〕 Breer was best known for his films, which combine abstract and representational painting, hand-drawn rotoscoping, original 16mm and 8mm film footage, photographs, and other materials.〔(Carnegie International Museum of Art Website ), Artist's bio.〕 His aesthetic philosophy and technique were influenced by an earlier generation of abstract filmmakers that included Hans Richter, Viking Eggeling, Walter Ruttmann, and Fernand Léger, whose work he discovered while living in Europe.〔 Breer was also influenced by the concept of Neo-plasticism as described by Piet Mondrian and Vasarely.〔 After experimenting with cartoon animation as a child, he started making his first abstract experimental films while living in Paris from 1949 to 1959, a period during which he also showed paintings and kinetic sculptures at galleries such as the renowned Galerie Denise René.〔, "Screening Room with Robert Breer (1976)"〕〔(Australian Center for the Moving Image ), "Robert Breer: Master of the 4 inch x 6 inch."〕〔(Animation World Network Website ), Artist's Bio.〕 Breer explained some of the reasons behind his move from painting to filmmaking in a 1976 interview:〔 Breer also taught at Cooper Union in New York from 1971 to 2001.〔(The Film Gallery ), Artist's Bio.〕 Breer died on August 11, 2011 at his home in Tucson. Scholarly publications on Breer's work and interviews with the artist can be found in ''Robert Breer'', ''A Critical Cinema 2: Interviews with Independent Filmmakers'' by Scott MacDonald, ''An Introduction to the American Underground Film'' by Sheldon Renan, ''Animation in the Cinema'' by Ralph Stephenson, and ''Film Culture'' magazine.〔Wetzel, Roland, Laurence Sillars, Ute Holl, Andres Pardey, and Laurence Sillars. ''Robert Breer.'' Bielefeld: Kerber, Christof, 2011. Print.〕〔MacDonald, Scott. ''A Critical Cinema 2: Interviews with Independent Filmmakers.'' Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992. Print.〕〔Renan, Sheldon. ''An Introduction to the American Underground Film''. New York: Dutton, 1967. Print.〕〔Stephenson, Ralph. ''Animation in the Cinema''. London (Zwemmer Limited ) u.a., 1967. Print.〕〔Jonas Mekas and P. Adams Sitney, "Interview with Robert Breer," ''Film Quarterly'', 56-57 (Spring 1973), p. 44.〕 Breer won the 1987 Maya Deren Independent Film and Video Artists' Award, presented by the American Film Institute.〔(), IMDB Awards listing.〕〔(), "Maya Deren," SensesOfCinema.com〕 His film "Eyewash" was included in ''Treasures IV: American Avant-Garde Film 1947-1986''.〔Zorn, John, Martin Scorsese et al. ''Treasures IV: American Avant Garde Film, 1947-1986''. San Francisco, Calif: National Film Preservation Foundation, 2009.〕 ==Archival Status== The following films were preserved by Anthology Film Archives.〔(Anthology Film Archives Collections )〕 *Form Phases I (1952) *Form Phases II (1953) *Form Phases III (1954) *Form Phases IV (1956) *Un Miracle (1954) *Recreation (1956) *Motion Pictures No. 1 (1956) *Jamestown Baloos (1957) *A Man and His Dog Out for Air (1957) *Le Mouvement (1957) *Eyewash (1959) – both versions *Blazes (1961) *Breathing (1963) *Fist Fight (1964) *66 (1966) *69 (1969) *70 (1971) *77 (1970) *Fuji (1974) *Swiss Army Knife with Rats and Pigeons (1981) *Bang! (1986) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert Breer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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